Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is often spoken about as a single condition, but there's actually a lot of variety in how it affects people. To better understand this, experts talk about the different levels of autism. Knowing these levels can help families, carers, and individuals themselves find the right support and strategies to live a happy and fulfilling life.
In this guide, we'll break down the three levels of autism in a simple, clear way — and answer some of the most common questions about the condition.
When talking about levels of autism, we're using the guidelines set out in the DSM-5 — the big manual that doctors use to diagnose mental health conditions. Instead of the older system (which included things like Asperger's syndrome), doctors now talk about three levels of autism. These levels help describe how much support someone needs.
So, how many levels of autism are there? The short answer: three. (We'll touch on why some people ask about "five levels" a bit later.)
The levels are:
Each level looks at two main areas:
Understanding these levels of autism in the UK guidelines helps specialists create tailored support plans.
Level 1 autism is sometimes described as the "mildest" form. In the past, some people with level 1 may have been diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome.
Example: Someone with level 1 might chat easily about their favourite topic but struggle with small talk or making new friends.
When it comes to level 2 spectrum autism, support needs are more noticeable.
Example: A child might only want to talk about trains and struggle to pick up on facial expressions or gestures from others.
Level 3 autism is the most significant level of need.
Example: A child with level 3 autism might use a few words or none at all, show repetitive movements like spinning objects, and struggle with even small changes to their environment.
You might have heard people ask, "What are the 5 levels of autism?"
Before 2013, doctors used five categories: autistic disorder, Asperger's syndrome, PDD-NOS, Rett syndrome, and childhood disintegrative disorder. Today, only the three levels of autism are used officially. Rett syndrome and childhood disintegrative disorder are now considered separate conditions.
Understanding the levels of autism in the UK approach means better planning for support. Whether it's school adjustments, workplace accommodations, or therapy, knowing whether someone is at level 1 autism, level 2 spectrum autism, or level 3 makes it much easier to provide tailored help.
It also helps families and carers set realistic expectations, celebrate strengths, and work on strategies to manage challenges.
Need guidance? Our Private GP's offer assessments, referrals, and ongoing support for autism and related conditions.
There are three official levels of autism: level 1 (requiring support), level 2 (requiring substantial support), and level 3 (requiring very substantial support). Each level reflects how much help a person needs in social communication and handling routines or change.
There are currently three levels of autism, according to the DSM-5 guidelines.
The idea of "5 levels of autism" is outdated. Older manuals divided autism into different types (like Asperger's and autistic disorder), but the DSM-5 simplified this to three levels.
Yes, with therapy, support, and life experience, some people can improve their skills and might need less support over time. However, autism itself is lifelong.
Level 1 autism involves challenges with social interaction and some need for support, but the individual may function quite independently. Level 2 autism requires more substantial support and has greater social and behavioural challenges.
Autism is incredibly diverse — no two people are the same. Understanding the different levels of autism helps us appreciate that diversity and ensures that individuals get the right support at the right time.
At Private Medical Clinic, we're passionate about helping autistic children, teens, and adults thrive. Whether you're seeking an autism diagnosis, ADHD support, or ongoing therapy, we're here to help.
Contact us today to find out how we can support you or your loved one at every stage of their autism journey.
Dr. Rano Bhadoria (MBBS, FRCPSYCH) is a highly experienced Consultant Psychiatrist with expertise in holistic mental health care, therapies, and women's health. A Fellow of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, she combines evidence-based treatments with lifestyle medicine to support long-term wellbeing.
